【www.gztgad.com--动物】
当听到我国在悉尼的奥运代表团获得了28块金牌时，
all the chinese people cheered up with great joy
全中国人民都高兴地欢呼起来，
and showed their great respects to our athletes.
并向我们的运动健儿们表示崇高的敬意。
the simplest kind of advertising is the classified ad.
最简单的广告是分类广告。
the simplest kind of advertising最简单的广告
they are against using so many animals in experiments.
他们反对用如此多的动物去做试验。
i don"t remember ever seeing her any time.
我不记得曾几何时见过她。
he apologized for interrupting us.
他因打断了我们的谈话而向我们道歉。
thank you for offering me so much help.
感谢你们给我提供了这么多的帮助。
he is fond of watching sports-games.
他喜欢观看体育竞赛。
be fond of v.喜爱, 爱好
换一种分析：
he is fond of watching sports-games.
他喜欢观看体育竞赛。
这样分析就用不着再背“be fond of v.喜爱, 爱好”。
she likes making herself busy all the day.
她喜欢使自己终日忙忙碌碌的。
all the day adv.整天地
(3) 介词后面接动名词时，动名词短语也可以用完成时态或被动语态。例如：
the secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time.
那位秘书因没有按时将报告打印出来而受责备。(动名词的完成时态)
i regret having said some rude words to my brother.
我后悔对我弟弟说了些粗话。
we have no idea of their having done such kind of thing.
我们不知道他们干过这种事情。
after having been treated in the special way, he could deal with everything around him smoothly .
他接受了特殊化的训练后，能顺利地对付他周围的一切。
deal with v.安排, 处理, 涉及, 做生意
he can"t remember having been scolded by his boss for that matter.
他不记得老板曾为那件事责备过他。
people hate being praised for nothing .
人们不喜欢无缘无故的赞扬。(动名词的被动语态)
the problem is far from being solved .
这问题远没得到解决。
she didn"t mind being left alone at home .
她不介意被一人留在家里。
(4) 下列动词后的动名词虽然是被动意义，但不用被动语态：
your car needs filling. 你这车要充气了。
this city deserves visiting. 这座城市值得光顾一下。
the problem requires studying carefully .这个问题需要认真研究。
the trees want watering .这些树需要浇水了。
include 用法如下：
(1)include是及物动词,意为“包括”、“包含”.(include sth.包括某事在内)如：
①This plan includes most of your suggestions.
这项计划里包括了你们的大部分建议.
②The group included two engineers and twenty workers.
这个队共有两名工程师和二十个工人.
(2)include后可接动名词作宾语,不接不定式.如：
My job doesn"t include making coffee for the boss.
我的工作并不包括为老板煮咖啡.
(3)include有“列入”、“计入”的意思.如：
I include you in the list.
我把你列入名单.
另外,+s 一般是用于第三人称后的三单形式; +ing,一般是进行时.
附：[辨析]include和contain:
二者均有“包含,包括”之意,但是,include表示所包含之物中的一部分,contain指所含 之物的全部成分.如:
The price includes the postage.价钱包括邮费在内.(部分)
The parcel contained a dictionary.那包裹中装的是一本字典.(全部)
冠词的用法
一 不定冠词 a, an
1. a/an + 抽象名词 ，表具体化。 例：a success 一个成功的人/事
2.a/an + 时间名词 = every + 时间名词例：eat an egg a day
3. a/an = the same 例be of a size = be of the same size ; be of an age
4. 初次提到，用于介绍。例：She is a cook.
5. 固定词组 In a hurry , once upon a time , as a rule, many a time
二 定冠词 the
1. the + adj.表示一类人 。
the rich , the poor , the old , the young, the sick , the dead, the blind
2. the + 姓氏复数，表示夫妇俩或全家人。 the Greens
3. 用于被词语或从句修饰的名词前。 the + n + of … 结构
4. the + 发明物的单数名词. invent the wheel
5. the + 逢十的复数数词， 指某世纪的某年代。In the 1980s
6. the + 单位名词. pay by the hour / the pound
7. the + 身体部位 hit sb in the eye
8. the + 独一无二或上文提及的名词 ;the + 序数词 / 形容词最高级/西洋乐器 / 江河湖海山川群岛/ 说话双方都了解的人或物。
9. 固定用法。 The + 形容词比较级，the + 形容词比较级.
三 零冠词 (即 不用冠词、不填 或/ )
1 表职务头衔的名词作补语时 be made _/_ director.
2 “名词+ as “ 引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的名词被提置句首且前面无冠词。 Child as she is , she knows a lot of English.
3 季节、星期、月份、节假日、学科、棋类、球类、三餐及疾病颜色感官名词等抽象名词。
4 名词前已有物主代词或指示代词(this that these those ).
5 固定用法：turn writer ,no such thing, in public places , on foot , in use , watch TV, in bed, in space, in society,用于新闻标题，man / woman 指类别时。
不定冠词与冠词的固定搭配
1. have a cold 感冒 2. have a fever 发烧 3. have a try 尝试 4. have a talk 谈话 5. have/take a rest 休息 6. have/take a seat 就座 7. have/take a break 休息一下 8. have/take an interest in… 对……感兴趣 9. take a chance 冒险 10. make a promise 许诺 11. make a living 谋生 12. as a result 结果 13. -as a result of… 由于 14. all of a sudden 忽然 15. a waste of… 浪费 16. as a matter of fact 事实上 17. at a loss 亏本地; 困惑不解 18. at a time 一次; 每次; 在某时 19. in a word 总而言之 20. in a hurry 匆忙地 21. once in a while 偶尔; 有时 22. once upon a time 很久以前 23. in a way 在某种程度上; 有点; 十分激动 24. get in a word 插话 25. have a word with… 谈话 26. have a good time 过的开心; 玩的愉快 27. keep an eye on… 照看; 留意; 密切注视 28. a day or two 一两天 29. an hour and a half 一个半小时 30. on (the)one hand…on the other hand… 一方面; 另一方面 31. in the distance 在远处 32. by the way 顺便说 33. in the way 妨碍， 挡道 34. on the contrary 相反 35. on the whole 总体而言 36. take the place of… 代替 37. in the front of… 在……的前部 38. all over the world 全世界 39. at the end of..在……的尾声; 末端 40. in the end 最后 41. by the end of… 在……结束时; 在……之前 42. in the beginning 在开头， 在开端 43. at the beginning of… 在……的开头， 在……的开端 44. for the time being 当时 45. at the same time 同时 46. for the moment 当时 47. at the moment 此刻; 当前 48. the other day 不久前的一天 49. in the morning 在上午。 在早晨 50. the day before yesterday 前天 51. the day after tomorrow 后天 52. at first 起初; 首先 53. at least 至少 54. at most 至多; 最多 55. at present 目前; 当前 56. at work 工作中 57. in common 共同的; 共有的 58. in doubt 可怀疑的; 不肯定的 59. in spite of 尽管; 不管 60. in search of\\for 寻找 寻求 61. in use 在使用中 62. in surprise 惊讶的 63. in place of 代替 64. in sight 看得见 65. in advance 提前 66. in public 公开地; 当众 67. in danger 在危险中 68. in favor of 喜欢; 支持 69. in charge of 管理; 负责 70. in case of 以防 71. in order 整齐; 井然有序; 状况良好 72. in time 及时 73. in need of 需求， 需要 74. in other words 换句话说 75. in trouble 在危险中 76. on sale 廉价出售; 打折促销 77. on fire 着火 78. on average平均; 普通; 通常 79. on condition that.. 只要 80. on second thought 进一步考虑后; 仔细考虑后 81. out of sight 看不见 82. out of control 失控 83. out of work 事业 84. for instance 例如 85. for example 例如 86. for fear that 恐怕， 唯恐 87. by means of… 用……; 依靠……; 88. word comes that… 有消息称; 据说 89. come into being 开始形成 90. come into use 投入使用 91. come into effect 开始生效 92. pay attention to.. 注意 93. do good/harm to… 对……好; 对……有害 94. make fun of 取消 95. make room for… 给……腾地方 96. make use of 利用 97. make preparations 作准备 98. turn…into reality 把……变成现实 99. turn…into practice 把……投入实践 100. take part in 参加
bird 鸟
1. he eats like a bird．他吃得很少。
2．a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush．［谚」双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。
3．we’re all early birds in my family because we live on a farm. 由于我们生活在农场，所以全家人都起得很早。
4. birds of a feather flock together．[谚]物以类聚，人以群分。
5．that’s for the birds!那毫无意义！
6．it’s an ill bird that fouls own nest．「谚」家丑不可外扬。
7. a little bird told me．有人私下告诉我。
horse 马
8. he eats like a horse．他吃得很多。
9．that’s just a lot of horse and donkey dust! 那不过都是些废话!
10．it’s time to study now and stop horsing around．学习时间已到，别胡闹了。
11．i got it straight from the horse s mouth．我是听当事人亲口说的。
12. just hold your horses！忍耐一下吧！
13. she works like a horse all day long．她整天辛辛苦苦地干活。
14．that’s a horse of a different color! 那完全是另外一回事。
15．you can take a horse to the water，but you can"t make him drink！ ［谚］带马到河边容易，*马饮水难！
monkey 猴
16．don"t get your monkey up for nothing．别无缘无故生气。
17. you shouldn"t monkey about with that machine, if you don"t know how to fix it．假如你不懂得修，就别瞎弄这台机器。
18．what kind of monkey business has been going on while i"ve been away？ 我不在的时候，出了什么事了？
chichen 小鸡
19．come on! don’t be chicken! 来，别害怕！
20．well，she’s certainly no spring chicken．她当然不再是个小丫头了。
21．don"t count your chickens before they"re hatched! 「谚」不要过早乐观!
owl 猫头鹰
22. he is as blind as an owl．他真是个瞎子。
23. he’s a wise old owl．他是个智叟。
bear 熊
24．every time l see my grandfather，he gives me a big bear hug．每次见到爷爷，他都要紧紧地拥抱我。
25．her husband is a real bear．她丈夫脾气确实坏。
bee 蜜蜂
26．she’s always as busy as a bee．她总是忙忙碌碌。
snail蜗牛
27．he walks at a snail"s pace．他走路慢吞吞。
worm 虫
28．he wormed his way through the narrow passage．他好不容易才走过那条狭窄的小路。
29．every time l take the kids to the movies，they always worm around in their seats．每次我带孩子们去看电影，他们好像总也坐不住似的。
30．l am a worm today．今天一点精神也没有。
31．a worm will turn．［谚〕如果被*太甚，最温顺的人也会反抗。
ants 蚂蚁
32．you’d think he has ants in his pants．你会觉得他坐立不安。
bug 臭虫
33．it really bugs me when the bus comes late and l can’t go to work on time。由于汽车晚点而不能按时上班，真让我感到烦恼。
34．l don’t feel well．i think i picked up some kind of bug in my travels abroad．我感觉有点不适，可能是出国旅行时偶染微恙。
35．he’s a camera bug．他是个摄影迷。
fish 鱼
36．never offer to teach fish to swim．［谚」不要班门弄斧。
37．he’s like a fish out of water．他感到生疏。
38．he drinks like a fish。他喝起酒来不要命。
39．all’s fish that comes to his net。凡是到手的他都要。
hog 猪
40．when we were young，my sister and l shared the same bed，but she usually hogged all the room．小时候姐姐和我共睡一张床，可她总是占很多地方。
41．when he does something，he usually goes the whole hog．他要干什么，就真的干到底。
crab 蟹
42．when he gets up in the morning，he’s usually a crab（或in a crabby mood）．他早上起床时，总是很烦躁。
sheep 羊
43．she had a rather sheepish smile. 她笑起来很害羞的样子，
44．he is a black sheep 他是个败家子。
dog 狗
45．did you hear that bob got a scholarship？what a lucky dog！听没听说鲍勃得了奖学金？他真幸运。
46．he doesn’t have（或stand）a dog"s chance．他根本没有机会。
47．who’s the top dog in the company？ 公司里谁是头儿？
48．give a dog a bad name and hang him. 欲加之罪，何患无辞。
49．every dog has his day.[谚]人人皆有得意时。
50．love me，love my dog．［谚］爱屋及乌
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